Diabetes is a chronic disorder characterized by high blood sugar and disruption of the metabolism of carbs, fats and proteins.  Insulin, which is made by the pancreas, normally maintains blood glucose levels.  People with type 1 diabetes are insulin dependent - their body does not secrete enough of it.  People with type 2 diabetes are non-insulin dependent - insulin no longer works to decrease their blood glucose levels.  Both can lead to long term damage and dysfunction of tissues and organs.